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基本型と参照型 |
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javaのデータ型は、基本型と参照型に分かれており、 |
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基本型は値そのものを扱う型で、参照型はクラスなどのオブジェクトを扱う型です。 |
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ここでは型の基本の扱い方を見ていきます。 |
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基本型の扱い方 |
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・ |
javaの基本型には以下があります。 |
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型 |
デフォルト値 |
説明 |
値の範囲 |
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boolean |
false |
論理型 |
ture,false |
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char |
\U0000 |
文字(unicode) |
\u0000 ~ \uFFFF |
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byte |
0 |
符号付整数(8ビット) |
-128 ~ 127 |
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short |
0 |
符号付整数(16ビット) |
-32768 ~ 32767 |
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int |
0 |
符号付整数(32ビット) |
-2147483648 ~ 2147483647 |
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long |
0 |
符号付整数(64ビット) |
-9223372036854775808 ~
9223372036854775807 |
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float |
0 |
浮動小数点(32ビット) |
- |
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double |
0 |
浮動小数点(64ビット) |
- |
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・ |
実際の実行結果を見てみます。 |
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フィールド変数に各基本型で宣言した変数の初期値を出力しています。 |
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フィールド変数は宣言時に値を代入しない場合、初期値が使われます。 |
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・ |
型ごとに決められた最大値を超える値を代入した場合、最小ビットにシフトされます。 |
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参照型の扱い方 |
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・ |
参照型はインスタンス化したオブジェクトへの参照を持つ変数です。 |
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オブジェクトのインスタンスごとに違う参照を持つため、 |
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同じ値でもインスタンスが違えば別の参照を持ちます。 |
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・ |
値ではなく、インスタンスへの参照を保持しているため、 |
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別の変数でも同じ参照を代入した場合、参照するインスタンスは同じになります。 |
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・ |
参照型は参照を保持する為、別のインスタンスを持つ変数が同じ値を持つかを調べるには、 |
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オブジェクト判定(==)ではなく、値で見る必要があります。 |
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値で判定する方法はクラスによって違いますが、 |
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基本値でない限りオブジェクト判定(==)では期待する結果は得られないでしょう。 |
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実行サンプル |
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・ |
今回作成したサンプルはGitHubから参照できます。 |
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https://github.com/koukuma5968/javacontent/tree/main/javaSample/variableSample |
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